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Demographic change poses policy and practical challenges as well as opportunities – the opportunities of a mature society and workforce and the challenges in our families, communities and workplaces to accommodate a mature rather than youthful population.
Life expectancy continues to increase and total fertility levels (the average number of live births per female) remain low, at 1.5, and as such are lower than replacement fertility of approximately 2.1.
The declining levels of fertility and mortality in the EU 27 States have resulted in a dramatic ageing of their populations, and this demographic development is expected to continue until well into the 21st century.
In 2010, the Union as a whole had approximately four persons of working age for each citizen aged 65 and over, and by 2050 this ratio will be less than two (Eurostat 2011).The workforce is also expected to age and decrease, falling from approximately 310 million to 250 million by 2050.
Managers and professionals have a key role to play in tackling the effects of such demographic change in the workplace as well as being an important resource in their own right, but this group will also be affected by its own demographic development.
The impact of demographic change on the future availability of managers and professionals in Europe in this report is examined for five selected Member States of the EU 27: Germany, France, Italy, Sweden and the United Kingdom.

Οι δημογραφικές μεταβολές δημιουργούν προκλήσεις σε επίπεδο πολιτικές και πρακτικές προκλήσεις ....